CONTENTS Definitions & classifications Symptoms Signs Radiology: POCUS for diagnosis and monitoring Chest radiograph Signs of pneumothorax Size determination CT scan Causes of pneumothorax Management of various situations: Primary spontaneous pneumothorax Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax Indications for pleurodesis Management of persistent air leak Traumatic pneumothorax (including iatrogenic) Tension pneumothorax Oxygen to encourage nitrogen reabsorption? Pigtail versus […]
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EMCrit 273 – Inhaled Pulmonary Vasodilators & Q&A with Sara Crager
Inhaled Pulmonary Vasodilators
Pulmonary hypertension (PH)
CONTENTS Symptoms of PH Functional assessment Diagnosis Chest radiograph CT scan Echocardiography Pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) Vasoreactivity testing Causes of PH Evaluation for PH of unknown etiology Treatment – array of available therapies Basic supportive care for PH Calcium channel blockers Endothelin-receptor antagonists Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors & guanylate cyclase stimulators Prostacyclins & prostacyclin receptor agonists Systemic […]
Analgesia and sedation for the critically ill patient
CONTENTS Spectrum of medications available: Pure analgesics Acetaminophen Ketamine, pain-dose ➡️ (Lidocaine) (NSAIDs) Analgosedatives (analgesia > sedation) Opioids Opioid PCA Avoiding opioid infusions Tizanidine Gabapentinoids Sedalgesics (sedation > analgesia) Dexmedetomidine, Clonidine Ketamine, high-dose infusion ➡️ Pure sedatives Propofol ➡️ Guanfacine Phenobarbital ➡️ Melatonin (Benzodiazepines) (Hydroxyzine) Antipsychotics / anti-agitation Butyrophenones (haloperidol & droperidol) ➡️ Olanzapine ➡️ Quetiapine […]
ARDS
CONTENTS Rapid Reference 🚀 Diagnosis of ARDS Definition of ARDS Cardiogenic pulmonary edema vs. ARDS Why is the patient in ARDS? Common causes of ARDS Evaluating the cause of ARDS ARDS pathophysiology: Intrapulmonary shunting Treatment: Basics Treating the cause of ARDS Steroid Conservative fluid strategy Treatment: Non-intubated patient High-flow nasal cannula & CPAP/BiPAP Awake proning […]
Type-1 Myocardial Infarction (OMI & NOMI)
CONTENTS diagnosis Nomenclature & types of MI Diagnosis DDx of MI EKG findings in MI Anterior OMI Inferior OMI RV OMI (RVMI, including management) Posterior OMI High lateral OMI OMI in LBBB or RV-pacing OMI vs aneurysm Hyperacute T-waves & de Winter pattern Wellens patterns Subendocardial ischemia patterns Risk stratification management General supportive care PCI […]
Guide to supportive care in critical illness
CONTENTS Rapid Reference 🚀 The understated importance of high-quality supportive care Medications to avoid in ICU Prophylaxis DVT prophylaxis GI prophylaxis Anemia & transfusion targets Glycemic control Nutrition for the intubated patient Pain, agitation, and delirium Analgesia & pain management Sedation of the intubated patient Delirium prevention Volume status & diuresis Electrolyte management Troponin elevation […]
Eosinophilic lung diseases
CONTENTS Eosinophilic lung disease Approach to eosinophilic lung disease Understanding blood eosinophil count Acute critical illness Chronic systemic steroid Asthma or COPD Causes of eosinophilia Atopic Medications Infection Neoplastic & paraneoplastic Bronchoalveolar lavage eosinophilia IgE level Specific diseases DRESS syndrome AEP (acute eosinophilic pneumonia) CEP (chronic eosinophilic pneumonia) ABPA (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis) EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis […]
Tuberculosis
CONTENTS Epidemiology & risk factors Clinicoradiologic forms Natural history of tuberculosis Primary pulmonary TB Tuberculous pleural effusion ➡️ Chronic tuberculous empyema ➡️ Healed tuberculosis (Ghon complex) Postprimary TB Miliary TB Acute miliary TB Subacute/chronic miliary TB Tracheobronchial involvement Laryngeal TB Diagnosis of active pulmonary TB: overview Red flags to consider the diagnosis of TB Initial […]
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